16 short questions and answers on early britain, based on the official handbook. Read them, then test yourself with the free mock tests.
Stonehenge is a Stone Age monument in Wiltshire, England, probably a ceremonial site. Skara Brae on Orkney, Scotland, is the best-preserved prehistoric village in northern Europe.
Bronze Age people buried their dead in round barrows and made bronze tools. Iron Age people built hill forts, such as Maiden Castle in Dorset, and made the first coins in Britain. Their languages were Celtic.
Julius Caesar tried to invade in 55 BC and failed. Emperor Claudius invaded successfully in AD 43. The Romans stayed about 400 years and left in AD 410.
Queen of the Iceni tribe in eastern England, who fought the Romans. Her statue stands on Westminster Bridge in London.
A wall built by Emperor Hadrian across northern England to keep out the Picts (ancestors of the Scots). Parts of it, and forts such as Housesteads and Vindolanda, can still be seen.
Tribes from northern Europe (Jutes, Angles and Saxons) who invaded after the Romans left. Their kingdoms became England. Sutton Hoo in Suffolk is the burial place of an Anglo-Saxon king.
St Patrick became the patron saint of Ireland. St Columba founded a monastery on the island of Iona, off Scotland. St Augustine led missionaries from Rome and became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.
Raiders from Denmark and Norway who first came in AD 789. King Alfred the Great defeated them and united the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. Vikings settled in the east and north of England, an area called the Danelaw.
The king who united the people in the north (Scots and Picts) under one ruler. This kingdom became Scotland.
William the Conqueror's victory in 1066 is shown on the Bayeux Tapestry. He ordered the Domesday Book, a list of towns, villages, landowners and animals in England. The Normans used the feudal system: the king gave land to lords in return for help in war.
Edward I annexed Wales. The Statute of Rhuddlan (1284) put it under English rule. He built huge castles such as Conwy and Caernarvon.
In 1314 the Scots, led by Robert the Bruce, defeated the English, and Scotland stayed unconquered.
In 1415 King Henry V's English army defeated a much larger French army, during the Hundred Years War.
In the Middle Ages the king's advisers grew into Parliament. The House of Lords was nobles and bishops; the House of Commons was knights and wealthy townspeople. Judges began to be independent of the government.
Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, stories told by pilgrims travelling to Canterbury. Caxton was the first person in England to print books on a printing press.
A civil war from 1455 between the House of Lancaster (red rose) and the House of York (white rose). It ended in 1485 at the Battle of Bosworth Field: Richard III was killed and Henry Tudor became Henry VII. The Tudor rose is red and white.